Clinical signs
Signalment
Breed
Small to medium-sized breeds such as Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Poodles and Terriers are more likely to have chronic valvular heart disease (CVHD).
Large breeds such as Doberman, Boxer, German Shepherd Dog, Irish Setter, giant breeds and also Cocker and Springer Spaniels are more likely to have dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).
Age
Middle-aged or older animals are more likely to have CVHD or DCM.
Young animals are more likely to have congenital disease.
Clinical signs
Common presenting signs reported by owners include:
- Exercise intolerance /weakness
- Lethargy
- Coughing (sometimes retching)
- Weight loss
- Inappetence
- Dyspnoea (difficulty breathing)
- Syncope (collapse/fainting)
- Enlarged abdomen (ascites)
- Difficulty sleeping at night
Other signs that may be noted on clinical examination include:
- Tachycardia
- Loss of sinus rhythm
- Arrythmias
- Poor peripheral perfusion (pallor, weak pulse)

